Pablo de Sarasate, classical music composer

Pablo de Sarasate

Biography

Pablo Martín Melitón de Sarasate y Navascués (10 March 1844 – 20 September 1908) was a Spanish violinist and composer of the Romantic period.

Pablo Sarasate was born in Pamplona, Spain, the son of an artillery bandmaster. He began studying the violin with his father at the age of five and later took lessons from a local teacher but his musical talent became evident early on and he appeared in his first public concert in La Coruña at the age of eight. His performance was well-received, and caught the attention of a wealthy patron who provided the funding for Sarasate to study under Manuel Rodríguez Saez in Madrid where he gained the favor of Queen Isabel II. Later, as his abilities developed, he was sent to study under Jean-Delphin Alard at the Paris Conservatoire at the age of twelve. There, at seventeen, Sarasate entered a competition for the Premier Prix and won his first prize, the Conservatoire's highest honour.

Sarasate, who had been playing in public since childhood, made his Paris debut as a concert violinist in 1860, and played in London the following year. Over the course of his career, he toured many parts of the world, performing in Europe, North America, and South America. His artistic pre-eminence was due principally to the purity of his tone, which was free from any tendency towards the sentimental or rhapsodic, and to that impressive facility of execution that made him a virtuoso. In his early career, Sarasate performed mainly opera fantasies, most notably the Carmen Fantasy, and various other pieces that he had composed. The popularity of Sarasate's Spanish flavor in his compositions is reflected in the work of his contemporaries. For example, the influences of Spanish music can be heard in such notable works as Édouard Lalo's Symphonie Espagnole which was dedicated to Sarasate, Georges Bizet's Carmen, and Camille Saint-Saëns' Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso, written expressly for Sarasate and dedicated to him.

Of Sarasate's idiomatic writing for his instrument, the playwright and music critic George Bernard Shaw once declared that though there were many composers of music for the violin, there were but few composers of violin music. Of Sarasate's talents as performer and composer, Shaw said that he "left criticism gasping miles behind him." Sarasate's own compositions are mainly flashy show-pieces designed to demonstrate his exemplary technique (bias shown, needs reference). Perhaps the best known of his works is Zigeunerweisen (1878), a work for violin and orchestra. Another piece, the Carmen Fantasy (1883), also for violin and orchestra, makes use of themes from Georges Bizet's opera Carmen. Probably his most performed encores are his two books of Spanish dances, brief pieces designed to please the listener's ear and show off the performer's talent. He also made arrangements of a number of other composers' work for violin, and composed sets of variations on "potpourris" drawn from operas familiar to his audiences, such as his Fantasia on La forza del destino (his Opus 1), his "Souvenirs of Faust", or his variations on themes from Die Zauberflöte. In 1904 he made a small number of recordings. In all his travels Sarasate returned to Pamplona each year for the San Fermín festival.

Sarasate died in Biarritz, France on September 20, 1908 from chronic bronchitis. He bequeathed his violin, made by Antonio Stradivari in 1724, to the Musée de la Musique. The violin now bears his name as the Sarasate Stradivarius in his memory. His second Stradivari violin, the Boissier of 1713, is now owned by Real Conservatorio Superior de Música, Madrid. Among his violin pupils was Alfred De Sève. The Pablo Sarasate International Violin Competition is held in Pamplona.

A number of works for violin were dedicated to Sarasate, including Henryk Wieniawski's Violin Concerto No. 2, Édouard Lalo's Symphonie Espagnole, Camille Saint-Saëns' Violin Concerto No. 3 and his Introduction and Rondo capriccioso, Max Bruch's Scottish Fantasy, and Alexander Mackenzie's Pibroch Suite. Also inspired by Sarasate is William H. Potstock's Souvenir de Sarasate.

Composer Title Date Action
Pablo de Sarasate Habanera, Op. 21, No. 2, from Three Spanish Dances 02/21/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zapateado, Op. 21, No. 6, from Three Spanish Dances 02/21/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Playera 02/21/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zigeunerweisen, Op.20 (Gypsy Airs) 03/01/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Airs écossais, Op. 34 03/23/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Habañera, Op. 21, No. 2, from Three Spanish Dances 01/10/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Malagueña, Op. 21, No.1, from Three Spanish Dances 01/12/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zapateado, Op. 21, No.6, from Three Spanish Dances 01/26/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate carmen Fantasy 12/11/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zigeunerwiessen 10/08/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Carmen Fantasy for cello and piano, world première 09/28/2010 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zigeunerweisen, Op.20 (Gypsy Airs) 12/07/2010 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Carmen Fantasy Op.25 05/30/2013 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Spanish Dances No. 8, Op. 26, No. 2 06/25/2013 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Introduction and Tarantella, Op. 43 07/21/2013 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Carmen Fantasy Op.25 08/06/2013 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Navarra 02/21/2009 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Romanza andaluza, Op.22 05/16/2016 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Zigeunerwiessen 01/17/2017 Play Add to playlist
Pablo de Sarasate Carmen Fantasy Op.25 01/25/2018 Play Add to playlist