Classical Music | Violin Music

Recorded on 12/23/2015, uploaded on 07/27/2016

Musician's or Publisher's Notes

In his later years, Claude Debussy planned a series of six chamber sonatas under the title Six sonates pour divers instruments. Only three of the planned works, however, materialized—the two solo sonatas for violin and cello, and the chamber sonata for flute, viola and harp. Each is a testament to Debussy’s skill in the realm of chamber music, but also examples of the composer’s gradual progression toward absolute music and abandonment of the overtly visual and textual elements that had dominated nearly all of his earlier music.

The Violin Sonata in G minor was completed in 1917. It was Debussy’s last completed composition before he died in March of the following year. The work’s premiere took place on May 5, 1917 with Gaston Poulet on violin and the composer himself at the piano in his final appearance as a performer. Like the Cello Sonata before it, the Violin Sonata consists likewise of three movements, and possesses a distinctive brevity. , The structure is also perhaps somewhat more rigid with the customary breaks between each movement.

Though marked Allegro vivo, much of the first movement seems much slower in tempo due to its broad, lyrical melodies. Indeed, much of its energy comes from the piano’s arpeggio figurations, which only in time seem to infect the solo part with its restlessness. Perhaps not feeling the need to include a slow movement because of the lyrical quality of the opening Allegro, Debussy instead inserts a scherzo-like middle movement with gypsy-inspired and improvisatory passages for the violin. Lastly, the finale opens with a direct reference to the opening theme of the first movement, before plunging headlong into a sprightly stream of sixteenth notes. During the movement’s central episode, the animated music gives way briefly to a lyrical and expressive melody. The lively music returns carrying the listener onward to the sonata’s conclusion, an unusually exuberant end for the composer. Debussy confessed that this finale had caused a great deal of frustration during its composition and never materialized quite in the way he envisioned it, yet we can hardly imagine this movement any other way or how it can be considered less than its companion movements.       Joseph DuBose

__________________________________________________

Sonata for Violin and Piano in G minor          Claude Debussy

Claude-Achille Debussy, along with Maurice Ravel, was one of the most prominent figures associated with Impressionist music. His use of non-traditional scales and chromaticism influenced many composers who followed. Debussy's music is noted for its sensory content and frequent use of atonality. The prominent French literary style of his period was known as Symbolism, and this movement directly inspired Debussy both as a composer and as an active cultural participant. His Violin Sonata in G minor was composed in 1917. It was the composer's last major composition and the third work in what had originally been conceived as a cycle of six sonatas for various instruments.

The premiere took place on 5 May 1917, the violin part played by Gaston Poulet, with Debussy himself at the piano – it was his last public performance.      Naria Kim

Courtesy of International Music Foundation.